State of Palestine

Country Overview

The State of Palestine is recognized by many governments and holds United Nations non-member observer State status. Its claimed territory comprises the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip. Israeli occupation and the fragmented exercise of authority have significant consequences for population statistics, government institutions, movement, the economy and everyday life. Palestinian national institutions are centered in Ramallah, while East Jerusalem is claimed as the capital; Jerusalem’s legal and political status remains disputed. This profile separates Palestinian statistical estimates from international model estimates and distinguishes diplomatic recognition from effective territorial control.

Reference status: Contemporary country profile • Verified: November 6, 2026 • Source years and statistical or jurisdictional limitations are stated.

Data and status note: The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) reports 5,557,096 residents at the end of 2025 (3,430,062 in the West Bank and 2,127,034 in Gaza), while older PCBS pre-conflict projections and World Bank model estimates differ. PCBS current-dollar GDP for 2025 is approximately US$12.463 billion; a World Bank 2026 regional report uses US$16.9 billion for its 2025 GDP series. These are not reconciled national accounts and must be identified by publisher. The Palestinian Authority does not exercise uniform control of Gaza or the West Bank. The National Committee for the Administration of Gaza was established in January 2026 but a September 2026 UN report said it had not yet entered Gaza to assume governing duties.

Identity & State Formation

Official designation

State of Palestine, the name used at the United Nations in its observer-State capacity. ^[1]

Common short form

Palestine; in some international datasets the geography is called West Bank and Gaza. ^{[1] [22]}

UN statistical subregion

Western Asia. ^[2]

Claimed capital

East Jerusalem, claimed by the State of Palestine; sovereignty over Jerusalem is disputed. ^{[11] [21]}

Administrative center

Ramallah is the main seat of Palestinian Authority ministries and the president’s office. ^{[10] [9]}

National flag

Black, white and green horizontal bands with a red triangle at the hoist. ^[11]

Official language

Arabic, with Palestinian Arabic varieties widely spoken. ^[4]

Additional languages

Hebrew and English are used in business, education or cross-border contexts. ^[4]

Calendar convention

Gregorian civil calendar; Islamic calendar also structures religious observances. ^[4]

Currency situation

Israeli new shekel is widely used; the Jordanian dinar and US dollar also circulate for some transactions. ^[6]

Monetary sovereignty

No separate widely circulating Palestinian national currency exists. ^[6]

Historical society

Historic Palestine has long been a crossroads of Levantine urban, agrarian and religious communities. ^[15]

Ottoman period

The area belonged to the Ottoman Empire until the First World War. ^[11]

British Mandate

The League of Nations Mandate for Palestine followed the First World War. ^[11]

UN partition proposal

General Assembly Resolution 181 (II) proposed partition in 1947 but was not implemented as drafted. ^[11]

1948 war

The 1948 Arab–Israeli war resulted in mass Palestinian displacement and refugee communities. ^{[11] [18]}

1967 war

Israel occupied the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza in June 1967. ^{[11] [21]}

State declaration

The Palestine National Council declared the State of Palestine on November 15, 1988. ^[11]

Oslo agreements

The 1993–1995 agreements established interim arrangements and Palestinian Authority institutions. ^[11]

UN observer development

General Assembly resolution 67/19 accorded non-member observer State status on November 29, 2012. ^[1]

UN membership

Palestine is not a full UN Member State as of November 6, 2026. ^[1]

Recognition

Many governments recognize Palestinian statehood, but recognition is not identical to UN membership or territorial control. ^{[1] [11]}

West Bank zoning

Oslo-era Areas A, B and C describe differing interim administrative/security responsibilities. ^[11]

East Jerusalem qualification

Israeli annexation claims concerning East Jerusalem are not accepted as sovereign title by the UN. ^{[21] [11]}

Territorial definition

The West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip are the primary territorial references. ^{[11] [21]}

Political representation

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is internationally recognized as representative of the Palestinian people. ^[11]

Population diaspora

Palestinian communities live throughout neighboring states and worldwide. ^{[18] [4]}

Nationality documents

Palestinian Authority passports are issued subject to movement and crossing restrictions. ^{[10] [11]}

International legal status

Questions of self-determination, occupation and settlement policy are addressed in UN and ICJ proceedings. ^{[21] [11]}

Reference cutoff

The governance and territorial descriptions reflect verified information through November 6, 2026. ^{[9] [12]}

Geography & Population

World region

Asia; UN statistical classification is Western Asia. ^[2]

Territorial components

West Bank and Gaza Strip are noncontiguous Palestinian territories. ^[11]

West Bank location

West of the Jordan River, bordering Israel and Jordan. ^[11]

Gaza Strip location

Eastern Mediterranean coast, bordering Israel and Egypt. ^[11]

Area (approximate)

About 6,020 km² for the West Bank and Gaza combined, subject to source definitions. ^[4]

West Bank surface

Roughly 5,655 km² in many geographic datasets. ^[4]

Gaza surface

Roughly 365 km² in many geographic datasets. ^[4]

Coastline

Gaza’s Mediterranean shoreline is approximately 40 km long. ^[4]

Main uplands

Central highlands run through the West Bank. ^[4]

Jordan Valley

The eastern lowland descends toward the Dead Sea. ^[4]

Lowest nearby elevation

Dead Sea depression is one of Earth’s lowest exposed land regions. ^[4]

Main cities

Jerusalem, Gaza City, Hebron, Nablus, Bethlehem, Jenin and Ramallah are major urban centers. ^[4]

Major agricultural areas

Northern West Bank valleys, Hebron district, and Gaza agricultural districts where accessible. ^{[4] [20]}

Climate

Predominantly Mediterranean with hot dry summers and rainy winters; interior areas are more arid. ^{[4] [20]}

Rainfall gradient

Western highlands are generally wetter than eastern lowlands. ^[4]

Water conditions

Groundwater, desalination and imported water face access, infrastructure and quality challenges. ^{[14] [20]}

2025 population

PCBS estimates 5,557,096 residents at end of 2025. ^[3]

2025 West Bank residents

PCBS estimates 3,430,062 at end of 2025. ^[3]

2025 Gaza residents

PCBS estimates 2,127,034 at end of 2025. ^[3]

Population method

These are revised statistical estimates, not a new enumeration conducted in 2025. ^[3]

Older 2025 projection

PCBS pre-conflict population projection is higher than its revised Gaza-adjusted year-end series. ^[3]

2017 census baseline

The last comprehensive population, housing and establishments census was in 2017. ^[4]

Density

PCBS reports about 922 people per km² for Palestine at end-2025. ^[3]

Gaza density

PCBS reports roughly 5,829 people per km² at end-2025. ^[3]

Under-15 proportion

PCBS estimates 36.3% of the population was under 15 in 2025. ^[3]

Population displacement

Conflict and repeated forced movement complicate Gaza residence and usual-resident estimates. ^{[13] [18]}

Shelter exposure

UN OCHA reported major risks from damaged housing and flood-prone displacement sites in October 2026. ^[14]

Settlement geography

Israeli settlements and military-controlled spaces shape West Bank land access. ^{[11] [21]}

Mobility

Checkpoints, permits, closure measures and war-related restrictions affect travel. ^{[13] [11]}

Gaza transport infrastructure

Airport operations do not currently provide routine passenger flights; seaports lack regular sovereign commercial operation. ^{[13] [12]}

Crossing conditions

Borders and crossing openings may change rapidly with security developments. ^[13]

Environmental concerns

Water scarcity, wastewater damage, solid-waste accumulation and habitat loss are major issues. ^{[20] [13]}

Extreme heat

Heat and drought can worsen agricultural stress and shelter conditions. ^[20]

Statistic caution

Census counts, annual projections, displacement tracking and humanitarian needs estimates measure different things. ^{[3] [13]}

PCBS revised population estimates, end-2025

Revised PCBS year-end estimates differ from older demographic projections and from outside models. ^[3]

Economy & International Trade

Economic structure

A service-oriented economy with trade, construction, agriculture and small manufacturing. ^{[5] [6]}

Currency used in commerce

Israeli new shekel is the principal transaction currency; dinar and dollars also feature. ^[6]

National GDP (2025)

PCBS reports US$12,462.9 million at current prices. ^[5]

GDP per capita (2025)

PCBS reports US$2,326.5 at current prices. ^[5]

GNI (2025)

PCBS reports US$13,210.7 million. ^[5]

Gross national disposable income (2025)

PCBS reports US$14,363.6 million. ^[5]

2024 GDP

PCBS reports US$11,944 million at current prices. ^[5]

2025 real growth

PCBS reports approximately 4.3% growth relative to 2024 after the severe contraction. ^{[3] [5]}

Comparison to 2023

The economy remained materially below the pre-2024 level despite partial growth in 2025. ^{[7] [6]}

World Bank GDP distinction

A 2026 World Bank regional report used a different 2025 GDP estimate from the PCBS national series. ^{[22] [6]}

Gaza production

Severe destruction and restrictions sharply reduced Gaza output and jobs. ^{[7] [12]}

West Bank activity

Movement restrictions and fiscal pressures constrain West Bank services, trade and employment. ^{[6] [19]}

2025 merchandise and services imports

PCBS reported approximately US$7.881 billion total imports of goods and services in its 2025 preliminary assessment. ^[7]

2025 merchandise and services exports

PCBS reported approximately US$2.856 billion total exports of goods and services. ^[7]

Trade balance interpretation

Imports exceeded exports; these totals include services and are not merchandise-only customs totals. ^[7]

Exports and Israel

Israel remains the dominant destination for registered goods exports. ^[8]

December 2025 goods exports

PCBS reported US$190.2 million in the month of December 2025. ^[8]

December 2025 goods imports

PCBS reported US$691.1 million in the month of December 2025. ^[8]

December 2025 merchandise deficit

PCBS reported a US$500.9 million shortfall in registered goods for December. ^[8]

Export products

Stone and marble, agricultural produce, processed food and selected manufactured goods. ^[7]

Import products

Fuel, consumer products, machinery, food, intermediate goods and construction materials. ^[7]

Olive industry

Olive growing and olive oil are economically and culturally significant. ^{[4] [15]}

Stone production

Limestone and stone-cutting are established West Bank industries. ^[7]

Agriculture

Olives, fruit, vegetables and livestock are produced where land and water remain accessible. ^{[4] [20]}

Gaza agriculture

Destruction and restricted access significantly limit cultivation and fishing. ^{[13] [20]}

Services sector

Public services, retail, transportation, education and healthcare are major activities. ^[6]

Construction constraints

Debris, destroyed infrastructure, limited imports and uncertain financing obstruct reconstruction. ^{[12] [6]}

Tourism potential

Historic Bethlehem, Hebron and Jericho support religious and archaeological tourism when conditions allow. ^{[15] [6]}

Labor access

Wage employment in Israel has historically been important for some West Bank workers. ^[19]

Unemployment data

Region and coverage must be stated; conflict disrupts normal survey comparability. ^{[3] [19]}

Public finances

Clearance-revenue transfers, salary obligations and donor support affect PA liquidity. ^{[6] [12]}

Banking

The Palestinian banking sector operates without a fully independent national currency. ^[6]

Foreign assistance

Multilateral and bilateral assistance finances services, humanitarian response and projects. ^{[20] [12]}

Aid dependency

Gaza households rely heavily on humanitarian assistance due to collapsed livelihoods and displacement. ^[13]

2026 humanitarian food support

October 2026 UN updates describe severe food insecurity and ration shortfalls. ^{[13] [14]}

Economic outlook

Recovery requires secure access, reconstruction, functioning public revenue and private capital. ^{[6] [12]}

PCBS national accounts, 2024–2025

PCBS nominal accounts; World Bank regional reports may apply different series and coverage. ^[5]

PCBS preliminary external trade, 2025

Annual goods/services are not comparable to a single month of registered customs merchandise. ^{[7] [8]}

People & Society

Major language

Arabic is spoken in Palestinian dialects. ^[4]

English use

English is taught and used in education, tourism and some commerce. ^[4]

Religion

Most residents are Muslim, mainly Sunni; there are historic Christian communities. ^{[4] [15]}

Christian heritage

Bethlehem, Jerusalem and other communities have longstanding Christian institutions. ^[15]

Other heritage

Samaritans and other small historic communities are part of regional diversity. ^[15]

Refugee status

Palestine refugees under UNRWA are a historical/legal assistance category, not equivalent to all current residents. ^[18]

Diaspora households

Family networks extend across the Middle East, Europe and the Americas. ^[18]

Demographic age

A high share of residents are children and young people. ^[3]

Education

Public, private and UNRWA schools operate with significant disruption in conflict-affected areas. ^{[18] [13]}

University institutions

Birzeit University, An-Najah National University and other campuses provide higher education. ^[20]

Girls’ education

Girls and women participate extensively in formal education, with conflict limiting access. ^{[20] [13]}

Literacy

PCBS reports a low adult illiteracy rate, but survey years and population coverage need scrutiny. ^[3]

Healthcare structure

Ministry, private, nongovernmental and UNRWA providers contribute to services. ^{[17] [18]}

Gaza healthcare

Hospital damage, insecurity and supply shortages gravely impair service delivery. ^{[17] [13]}

Children’s welfare

Displacement, trauma, nutrition and interrupted schooling are serious 2026 concerns. ^{[13] [18]}

Maternal health

Access to safe births and essential medicine is restricted in damaged health systems. ^[17]

Food security

Food access has been highly dependent on humanitarian assistance in Gaza. ^[14]

Water service

Damaged systems and fuel shortages undermine drinking water and sanitation services. ^[13]

Housing

Extensive damage has led to temporary shelters, crowding and repeated displacement. ^[13]

Urban culture

Historic cities support markets, mosques, churches, museums and cultural institutions. ^[15]

Traditional embroidery

Palestinian embroidery forms part of UNESCO-listed intangible cultural heritage. ^[16]

Olive harvest

Harvesting is a central seasonal livelihood and cultural practice. ^{[15] [13]}

Cuisine

Musakhan, maqluba, freekeh, hummus and breads are prominent food traditions. ^[16]

Arts

Poetry, music, dance, visual arts and oral history have longstanding social roles. ^[16]

Dabke

Communal dance appears in Palestinian celebrations and cultural heritage. ^[16]

Architecture

Stone buildings, courtyards and religious sites define many older towns. ^[15]

Historic markets

Hebron, Nablus, Jerusalem and Bethlehem have significant market traditions. ^[15]

Intangible heritage

UNESCO intangible lists are distinct from physical World Heritage properties. ^{[16] [15]}

Sport

Football is a prominent organized sport with international Palestinian representation. ^[11]

Women’s participation

Women contribute to government, civil society, education and entrepreneurship. ^[20]

Civil society

Community associations and aid groups support vulnerable populations under considerable constraints. ^{[20] [13]}

UNRWA service footprint

UNRWA provides programs to registered Palestine refugees across multiple fields. ^[18]

Humanitarian documentation

OCHA situation reports describe fast-changing conditions, not static census data. ^[13]

Heritage conservation

Sites face threats from environmental exposure, damage and access restrictions. ^[15]

Social resilience

Mutual aid and diaspora networks are important in livelihoods and crisis response. ^{[20] [18]}

Humanitarian reference points, October 2026

Rapidly changing OCHA operational observations are not permanent population counts. ^{[13] [14]}

Government & Institutions

Form of authority

Palestinian institutions operate with restricted and geographically fragmented jurisdiction. ^{[10] [11]}

Head of state

Mahmoud Abbas, president of the State of Palestine and Palestinian Authority as of November 2026. ^[9]

Prime minister

Mohammad Mustafa, sworn in March 31, 2024 and serving in November 2026. ^[10]

Cabinet

The nineteenth Palestinian government was led by Mustafa. ^[10]

PLO

Palestine Liberation Organization represents Palestinians internationally. ^[11]

Palestinian Authority

Interim governing body created through Oslo arrangements in the 1990s. ^[11]

Legislative council

Palestinian Legislative Council has been inactive; no functioning elected legislature currently exercises routine parliamentary authority. ^{[9] [11]}

Last general parliamentary election

Palestinian Legislative Council election was held in January 2006. ^[11]

Last presidential election

The last direct presidential election was held in January 2005. ^[11]

2027 vote decree

Abbas set simultaneous presidential and legislative elections for September 11, 2027. ^[9]

Prior 2026 election date

An earlier decree had envisaged a legislative election in November 2026; the October decree superseded it. ^[9]

Electoral feasibility

Participation in Jerusalem, West Bank and Gaza remains affected by security, access and political conditions. ^[9]

Gaza governance divide

The Palestinian Authority lacks uniform operational control of the Gaza Strip. ^{[12] [11]}

Hamas role

Hamas has been a significant Palestinian political and armed organization and has exercised de facto rule in Gaza since 2007, subject to wartime changes. ^{[11] [12]}

NCAG formation

The National Committee for the Administration of Gaza was formed in January 2026 under a transition framework. ^[12]

NCAG implementation status

A September 2026 UN assessment said the committee had not yet entered Gaza to assume functions. ^[12]

Board of Peace

Security Council resolution 2803 (2025) supported an interim Gaza governance framework involving the Board of Peace. ^[12]

West Bank Areas A and B

The PA exercises varying civil functions within Oslo-era Areas A and B, subject to Israeli security restrictions. ^[11]

Area C

Israel maintains predominant administrative and security control in Area C. ^{[11] [21]}

East Jerusalem governance

Israel administers East Jerusalem under an annexation claim rejected in prevailing UN legal positions. ^{[21] [11]}

Israeli military presence

Israeli forces control many borders, access routes and operational areas; the extent changes with conflict. ^{[13] [21]}

Judiciary

Palestinian Basic Law and courts provide formal legal institutions but territorial access is inconsistent. ^{[10] [11]}

Security agencies

PA security institutions operate primarily in parts of the West Bank. ^[11]

Local government

Municipal bodies oversee services where able to operate. ^[10]

Revenue authority

Tax clearance transfers and border controls affect public administrative capacity. ^[6]

Public payroll

Financing challenges and revenue interruptions affect government salaries and service provision. ^{[6] [12]}

Freedom of expression

Human rights assessments identify restrictions from multiple governing and security actors. ^{[11] [13]}

Assembly rights

Political assembly and civic activity are affected by PA practices, Israeli restrictions and armed conflict. ^{[11] [13]}

Detention and protection

Both Palestinian institutions and Israeli forces face documented human-rights scrutiny. ^{[11] [13]}

Political legitimacy

Weak electoral renewal and territorial fragmentation remain major accountability challenges. ^{[9] [11]}

Constitutional status

The Palestinian Basic Law is an institutional framework; it is not the same as full effective state sovereignty. ^{[10] [11]}

International obligations

Palestine participates in various treaties and international mechanisms with differentiated legal standing. ^{[1] [21]}

Government-date note

Election plans and transitional governance arrangements are developments, not proof that proposed institutions are fully operating. ^{[9] [12]}

Institutional reference, November 2026

The legal and practical extent of authority varies by territory. ^{[9] [10] [12]}

International Profile

UN institutional status

Non-member observer State in the General Assembly since 2012. ^[1]

UN admission

Full UN membership has not been obtained. ^[1]

Recognition principle

Recognition by individual countries does not resolve territorial jurisdiction or UN admission. ^{[1] [21]}

International law

ICJ advisory proceedings address the legal consequences of policies and practices in the occupied Palestinian territory. ^[21]

Territorial occupation

International institutions treat the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza as occupied Palestinian territory. ^{[21] [11]}

Israel relationship

Core issues include recognition, borders, Jerusalem, settlements, security, refugees and access. ^[11]

Negotiation framework

The Oslo framework created interim responsibilities without concluding permanent status. ^[11]

Egypt border

Gaza borders Egypt near Rafah; crossing access is tightly regulated and may close. ^[13]

Jordan relationship

The West Bank lies west of Jordan and has major social and economic ties to it. ^[11]

Arab League

Palestine participates in the League of Arab States. ^[11]

OIC

Palestine is active in the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. ^[11]

International Criminal Court

Palestine is a State Party to the Rome Statute; proceedings and jurisdiction are contested in some contexts. ^{[11] [21]}

UN agencies

OCHA, WHO, UNDP and UNRWA are major sources of humanitarian or developmental information. ^{[13] [17] [20] [18]}

Development partners

European, Arab and global institutions finance relief and public services. ^{[20] [12]}

Humanitarian humanitarian access

Funding and crossing restrictions materially affect service delivery in Gaza. ^[13]

UNESCO status

State Party to World Heritage Convention since December 8, 2011. ^[15]

World Heritage total

Six properties inscribed as of 2026, all cultural. ^[15]

Church of the Nativity

Bethlehem birthplace of Jesus pilgrimage route, inscribed in 2012. ^[15]

Battir cultural landscape

Land of Olives and Vines, southern Jerusalem, inscribed in 2014. ^[15]

Hebron old town

Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town inscribed in 2017. ^[15]

Ancient Jericho

Ancient Jericho/Tell es-Sultan inscribed in 2023. ^[15]

Saint Hilarion Monastery

Tell Umm Amer in the Gaza Strip inscribed in 2024. ^[15]

Sebastia

Ancient urban archaeological landscape inscribed in 2026. ^[15]

Heritage danger status

UNESCO separately tracks properties on the World Heritage in Danger list. ^[15]

Tentative list

Sites proposed for future inscription are not counted among six inscribed properties. ^[15]

Living heritage

UNESCO recognizes Palestinian intangible practices separately from archaeological properties. ^[16]

International development

UNDP programs aim to sustain services, livelihoods and community recovery. ^[20]

UNRWA mandate

The agency’s refugee-service mandate differs from the Palestinian Authority’s governing functions. ^{[18] [11]}

2026 Gaza humanitarian context

UN OCHA reported severe shelter, food and protection needs in October 2026. ^{[13] [14]}

2026 diplomatic sensitivity

The political recognition map and Gaza transitional arrangements can change; this edition uses an explicit cutoff. ^{[1] [12]}

Trade data caution

PCBS combined goods/services totals should not be described as goods-only exports or imports. ^{[7] [8]}

Population data caution

PCBS revised year-end figures should not be substituted with older pre-conflict projection totals. ^[3]

Reference date

All political and humanitarian observations are through November 6, 2026 unless otherwise labeled. ^{[9] [13]}

UNESCO World Heritage, State of Palestine

Complete six-property UNESCO inscribed list, not a count of tentative or intangible heritage items. ^[15]

Sources and Methodology

The geographical scope is the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and Gaza Strip, not the Palestinian diaspora. Population figures use revised PCBS end-2025 estimates; older model projections and humanitarian displacement indicators are not interchangeable. PCBS 2025 national GDP (US$12.463bn) differs from World Bank estimates, and the PCBS 2025 external-trade figures are goods plus services rather than goods alone. Political descriptions distinguish recognition, UN observer status, PLO representation, Palestinian Authority institutions, Israel’s occupation and territorial access, and the January 2026 Gaza transitional committee that had not assumed physical operations according to the September UNSCO update. This profile records competing sovereignty claims and internationally recognized legal context without presuming that formal institutions exercise uninterrupted, territory-wide authority.

Editorial cutoff: November 6, 2026 (Pacific Time). All stated population counts, prices, elections, and legal statuses have specific reference dates or qualifications. This page should be updated following major new statistical releases or changes of government.

1. United Nations — Non-Member States — 2012 standing non-member observer State status.
2. UN Statistics Division — Standard Country or Area Codes, M49 — UN Western Asia classification and territorial coding.
3. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics — Population and regional indicators, end of 2025 — 2025 year-end population and methodological caveats.
4. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics — Palestine national indicators — census, geography, society and administrative data.
5. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics — National accounts released September 30, 2026 — 2025 current-dollar GDP, GNI and GDP per capita.
6. World Bank — Palestinian Territories economic update, April 2026 — development, employment, reconstruction and economic risks.
7. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics — Palestinian Economy 2025 assessment — 2025 exports, imports and disrupted Gaza commerce.
8. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics — December 2025 merchandise-trade release — December 2025 registered goods flows and Israel shares.
9. Office of President Mahmoud Abbas — October 10, 2026 electoral decree — presidency and September 2027 election scheduling.
10. Palestinian Prime Minister’s Office — Cabinet and ministers — Mohammad Mustafa and nineteenth Palestinian government.
11. United Nations — Question of Palestine and institutional background — PLO, PA, UN process, occupation and diplomatic status.
12. United Nations — UNSCO report to Ad Hoc Liaison Committee, September 2026 — Gaza transitional administration and limits to implementation.
13. UN OCHA — Occupied Palestinian Territory humanitarian situation, October 29, 2026 — late October displacement, protection and humanitarian conditions.
14. UN OCHA — Humanitarian Situation Report, October 15, 2026 — food security, shelter, water and healthcare conditions.
15. UNESCO World Heritage Centre — State of Palestine — six inscribed properties including Sebastia in 2026.
16. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage — Palestine — inscribed living heritage traditions.
17. World Health Organization — Occupied Palestinian Territory emergency — health systems and emergency conditions.
18. UNRWA — Palestine refugees — registered refugee services and distinct population definitions.
19. International Labour Organization — Occupied Palestinian Territory — employment constraints, labor market.
20. UNDP — Programme of Assistance to the Palestinian People — development and reconstruction initiatives.
21. International Court of Justice — Advisory proceedings, Occupied Palestinian Territory — 2024 advisory opinion and international law.
22. World Bank — West Bank and Gaza economic indicators — an international statistical series with distinct GDP measurement.