復習３：コミュニティーでUnit III Assessment: In the Community
Chapter Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
- Use vocabulary for routes and transportation, leisure and plans, health and symptoms, and study and work together in one connected interaction.
- Combine て-form requests, permission (てもいいです), prohibition (てはいけません), and desire (たいです) accurately and appropriately.
- State abilities with 〜ことができます and report what someone said or thinks with と言いました and と思います.
- Recognize plain nonpast forms inside these patterns without treating plain style as a general substitute for polite speech.
- Read maps, notices, health labels, event pages, and short typed messages drawn from Unit III topics.
- Write a connected message or account that moves between at least two Unit III domains.
- Recognize and read the twenty-two Unit III kanji introduced in Chapters 11 through 14, with reduced furigana on consolidated items.
- Demonstrate awareness of register, directness, and repair strategies appropriate to community interactions.
- Complete an integrated community-navigation and support-interaction performance task that draws on Unit III as a whole.
Communication Scenario
It has been a busy few weeks for Tom. He has learned to ask for directions, make weekend plans, describe how he feels when he is unwell, and talk about his studies and part-time job. Today, a new exchange student named Aki has just arrived and does not yet know the neighborhood, the clinic, or the university schedule. Tom guides Aki around town, answers questions about health and work, and reports what people have told him along the way. This chapter follows Tom as he draws together everything from Unit III to help Aki settle in.
- This chapter is the Unit III assessment. It consolidates movement particles, て-forms, permission, prohibition, desire, ability, quotation, and plain-form recognition from Chapters 11 through 14.
- By the end of the chapter, you will be able to guide someone through a familiar town, explain health and scheduling information, describe abilities, report what others have said, and manage register appropriately across these situations.
Unit III Vocabulary Review
This review consolidates vocabulary from Chapters 11 through 14: getting around town, leisure and plans, health and well-being, and study and work. No new productive vocabulary domains are introduced in this chapter.
Getting Around (Chapter 11)
| Japanese | Reading | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 駅 | えき | station |
| 電車 | でんしゃ | train |
| 行きます／来ます／帰ります | いきます／きます／かえります | to go／to come／to return |
| 道 | みち | road; way |
Leisure and Plans (Chapter 12)
| Japanese | Reading | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 休み | やすみ | day off; holiday |
| 天気 | てんき | weather |
| 週末 | しゅうまつ | weekend |
| 会います | あいます | to meet |
Health and Well-Being (Chapter 13)
| Japanese | Reading | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 体 | からだ | body |
| 病院 | びょういん | hospital; clinic |
| 薬 | くすり | medicine |
| 熱 | ねつ | fever |
Study and Work (Chapter 14)
| Japanese | Reading | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 大学 | だいがく | university |
| 仕事 | しごと | job; work |
| アルバイト | アルバイト | part-time job |
| 忙しい | いそがしい | busy |
This chapter does not add new vocabulary domains. Instead, it asks you to move fluidly among the four Unit III domains within a single connected interaction, the way real conversations naturally shift between topics such as directions, plans, health, and daily responsibilities.
Unit III Script and Kanji Review
This chapter assesses the twenty-two kanji introduced across Chapters 11 through 14. Furigana is reduced on consolidated kanji from Chapters 11 through 13, while Chapter 14 kanji retain fuller furigana support, consistent with this volume's furigana reduction schedule.
Notice that Chapter 11 through 13 kanji appear in this chapter's reading passages with little or no furigana, since these words are now consolidated. Chapter 14 kanji, introduced most recently, still carry furigana support in longer texts. This pattern reflects the volume's furigana reduction schedule rather than a change in how important a word is.
れんしゅう — Practice: Without looking at the grids above, write as many of the twenty-two Unit III kanji as you can recall, grouped by the chapter in which each was introduced. Check your work against Chapters 11 through 14.
Pronunciation Checkpoint
As sentences grow longer through Unit III, mora timing, vowel length, gemination, and moraic ん must remain steady even when a sentence links several ideas together with て-forms. Practice reading a full connected sentence aloud at an even pace, tapping out each mora rather than speeding through unfamiliar stretches.
- 駅 えき — station (3 morae, careful with the long え sound versus a short one)
- 病院 びょういん — hospital; clinic (5 morae: びょ・う・い・ん, watch the moraic ん at the end)
Also review the falling intonation used at the end of a reported statement with と言いました, and the gently rising, softened intonation often used with a request such as 〜てください.
Grammar Consolidation
This section reviews and combines the Unit III grammar systems: て-form requests, permission, prohibition, desire, ability, quotation, and plain-form recognition. No new grammar patterns are introduced in this chapter.
1. て-form requests and sequencing
Purpose: to ask someone to do something and to connect two or more actions in sequence.
- 駅まで行って、右に曲がってください。Please go to the station and turn right.行って[connect]+曲がってください[request]
- 薬を飲んで、休んでください。Please take the medicine and rest.
2. Permission and prohibition
Purpose: to say what is allowed or not allowed.
- ここで写真を撮ってもいいですか。Is it all right to take photos here?
- 病院の中で電話をしてはいけません。You must not use the phone inside the hospital.
3. Desire with たい
Purpose: to say what someone wants to do.
- 今週末、休みたいです。I want to rest this weekend.
- 病院に行きたくないです。I don't want to go to the hospital.
4. Ability with ことができます
Purpose: to say what a person is able to do.
- アキさんは日本語を話すことができます。Aki can speak Japanese.
- まだ漢字を読むことができません。I still cannot read kanji.
5. Quotation with と, 言いました, and と思います
Purpose: to report what someone said or thinks.
- 医者は「薬を飲んでください」と言いました。The doctor said, "Please take the medicine."
- アキさんはこの町がいいと思います。Aki thinks this town is nice.
As in Chapter 14, the plain nonpast form appearing inside ことができます, と言いました, と思います, and short noun-modifying clauses is recognized and used only inside these authorized patterns. This chapter does not ask you to hold an entire conversation in plain style; that fuller system develops later in the volume and more completely in Volume II.
Error: *ここで写真を撮ってはいけませんか。 (intending to ask permission)
Correction: ここで写真を撮ってもいいですか。 — Use てもいいですか to ask permission and reserve てはいけません for stating that something is prohibited, not for asking whether it is allowed.
Grammar Consolidation Practice
- Combine a route direction with a request, using the て-form.
- Ask permission to do something in a public place.
- State something that is prohibited in a hospital or clinic.
- Say something you want to do this weekend, using たいです.
- Describe an ability using 〜ことができます.
- Report something a doctor, teacher, or manager said, using と言いました.
Model Dialogue
Setting: Tom shows Aki, a new exchange student, around the neighborhood on Aki's first weekend.
ないようりかい — Comprehension questions:
- Why does Aki want to go to the hospital?
- What did the doctor say, and what is not allowed inside the hospital?
- What does Tom think about practicing Japanese, and where does he practice?
Guided Practice
タスク１ — Give directions with a rule. Give directions to a place in your town, and add one sentence about something that is or is not allowed there.
タスク２ — Report a recommendation. Write one sentence reporting something a doctor, teacher, or manager told you, and one sentence giving your own opinion about it using と思います.
Listening Assessment
Ask your instructor, a partner, or a text-to-speech tool to read the following passage aloud at a clear, moderate pace.
きくタスク — Aki's first weekend
アキさんはえきのちかくのまちをあるいています。ちょっとねつがあるので、びょういんにいきたいとおもっています。トムさんはみちをおしえて、びょういんのなかでしゃしんをとってはいけないとせつめいしました。いしゃは「すこしやすんでください」といいました。アキさんはトムさんがにほんごをはなすことができることにおどろいています。
聞くタスク — Listening task: Draw a simple route sketch from the station to the hospital as described, note the one rule mentioned, and summarize what the doctor said. Compare your notes with a partner or check them against the passage.
Speaking Assessment
コントロールされた練習 — Controlled practice: Quick answers
- 駅はどこにありますか。
- ここで写真を撮ってもいいですか。
- 週末、何をしたいですか。
コミュニケーションタスク — Guiding a new student
With a partner, take turns playing Tom and a new student. Give directions to a place in town, mention one rule, and report something a third person said about the place, using と言いました.
ひとりでもできる練習 — Solo practice: A guided tour
Record yourself giving a two-minute guided tour of your neighborhood for a newcomer, including at least one direction, one rule, one desire or ability statement, and one quotation or opinion.
Reading Assessment
Read the following clinic notice and short event page, then answer the questions below.
びょういんのおしらせ — Clinic notice
この病院の中で写真を撮ってはいけません。電話で話すこともできません。熱がある人は、まず受付で名前を書いてください。医者は「順番に呼びます」と言いました。
大学のイベントページ — University event page
今週末、駅の前で大学のイベントがあります。日本語を話すことができる学生は、ぜひ来てください。イベントの担当者は「アルバイトの人も参加することができます」と言いました。
ないようりかい — Comprehension questions:
- According to the clinic notice, what are two things that are not allowed, and what should a person with a fever do first?
- Where and when is the university event, and who did the organizer say can take part?
Writing Assessment
In this workshop you will write a short connected message that moves between at least two Unit III domains.
- Choose two domains. Select two of the following: directions, plans, health, study, or work.
- List your ideas in English first. Note a place or plan, one rule or ability, and something someone has said about it.
- Write a sentence connecting two actions using the て-form.
- Write a sentence about permission or prohibition relevant to your chosen domains.
- Write a sentence expressing a desire or an ability, using たいです or 〜ことができます.
- Write a sentence reporting something someone said using と言いました.
- Write a sentence giving your own opinion using と思います.
- Revise and check using the checklist below before finalizing your work.
チェックリスト — Editing checklist:
- I connected at least two Unit III domains in one message.
- I used a て-form correctly to link two actions or make a request.
- I stated a permission or prohibition accurately.
- I used たいです or 〜ことができます correctly.
- I reported a quotation or opinion using と言いました or と思います.
- I used Unit III kanji correctly, with furigana where still required.
- I chose register appropriate to the situation and ended each sentence with 。.
Culture and Register Review
Guiding a new arrival through unfamiliar routines, such as finding a clinic or understanding a workplace or university schedule, is a common way that community members build relationships in many Japanese-speaking settings, as it is in many communities worldwide. Clear, polite explanation of rules and expectations, rather than assuming shared knowledge, is generally appreciated when helping someone unfamiliar with local norms.
Rules about photography, phone use, and check-in procedures vary among hospitals, clinics, universities, and workplaces, and may also vary by region. The notices in this chapter are representative examples for practicing the target grammar, not a universal set of rules; learners should always confirm the specific expectations of an actual institution.
Throughout Unit III, the polite です／ます style has remained the productive base, even as plain forms appear inside patterns such as ことができます and と思います. When guiding a newcomer, giving directions to a stranger, or speaking with a doctor or manager, continue to rely on the polite style as your default, reserving plain-form recognition for the specific patterns this chapter has reviewed.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Error: *駅に行くことができる。 (used as a stand-alone final sentence in a polite conversation)
Correction: 駅に行くことができます。 — Only the verb immediately before こと is plain; the sentence itself still ends in the polite ます form at this stage of the volume.
Error: Using 〜たいです to describe a settled ability, or 〜ことができます to describe a wish.
Correction: 日本語を話すことができます states an ability; 日本語を話したいです states a desire. Keep these two meanings distinct even when both attach to the same verb.
Error: Joining directions, health, and work into a single overloaded run-on sentence with several て-forms in a row.
Correction: Combine at most two or three ideas with て-forms per sentence, and start a new sentence when the topic shifts significantly, as the model dialogue does.
Chapter Review
Section A — ごい (Vocabulary)
1. Give at least two vocabulary items from each of the four Unit III domains: directions, plans, health, and study/work.
Section B — もじ (Script)
1. Write any twelve of the twenty-two Unit III kanji from memory, with their readings.
Section C — ぶんぽう (Grammar)
1. Combine a direction and a request using the て-form.
2. Write one sentence with てもいいですか and one with てはいけません.
3. Write a sentence with たいです and a sentence with 〜ことができます.
4. Write a sentence reporting speech with と言いました and a sentence giving an opinion with と思います.
Section D — どっかいりかい (Reading comprehension)
1. Look again at the clinic notice in the Reading Assessment section. Write two sentences summarizing the rules and the first step for a person with a fever.
Section E — かくこと (Writing)
1. Write a short connected message combining two Unit III domains, following the Writing Assessment steps.
Section F — はなすこと (Speaking)
1. With a partner or instructor, guide a newcomer through your neighborhood, including a rule, a desire or ability, and a reported statement.
Unit III Performance Task
パフォーマンスタスク
コミュニティーで — Community navigation and support interaction
You will produce a connected spoken and written performance in which you help a newcomer navigate a community situation, drawing on directions, plans, health, and study or work.
- Written: Write at least ten sentences that connect at least two Unit III domains, including a て-form sequence, a permission or prohibition statement, a desire or ability statement, and a reported quotation or opinion.
- Spoken: Perform a guided interaction aloud with a partner or instructor in which you give directions, explain a rule, and report what someone has said.
- Interaction: Respond naturally to a partner's questions or concerns, using at least one repair or clarification strategy from earlier chapters.
- Script check: Hand-write at least twelve of the twenty-two Unit III kanji from memory, and read aloud a short notice or event page furnished by your instructor.
Assessment focus: accurate て-form sequencing; correctly formed permission, prohibition, desire, and ability patterns; accurate quotation with と言いました and と思います; consistent polite register with appropriate plain-form use inside authorized patterns; accurate Unit III vocabulary and kanji; and a natural, followable interaction across at least two community domains.
Answer Key
Grammar Consolidation Practice
1. Model: 駅まで行って、ここで待ってください。 2. Model: ここに座ってもいいですか。 3. Model: 病院の中で電話をしてはいけません。 4. Model: 週末、休みたいです。 5. Model: 日本語を話すことができます。 6. Model: 医者は「休んでください」と言いました。
Model Dialogue — Comprehension
- Aki has a slight fever and wants to see a doctor.
- The doctor said to rest a little first; taking photos inside the hospital is not allowed.
- Tom thinks practicing Japanese every day, at university and at work, is good experience.
Listening task — Model summary
Route: from the station area to the hospital, as Tom describes. Rule: no photos inside the hospital. Doctor's words: rest a little.
Reading — Comprehension
- Photos and phone calls are not allowed; a person with a fever should write their name at the reception desk first.
- The event is this weekend in front of the station; the organizer said part-time workers can also take part.
Chapter Review — Section A
Open-ended; check against the vocabulary tables above, ensuring at least two items from each of the four domains.
Chapter Review — Section B
Open-ended; check against the kanji grids above.
Chapter Review — Section C
- Model: まっすぐ行って、右に曲がってください。
- Model: 写真を撮ってもいいですか。／ここで食べてはいけません。
- Model: 早く帰りたいです。／漢字を書くことができます。
- Model: 先生は「頑張ってください」と言いました。／これはいい経験だと思います。
Chapter Review — Section D
Model answer: 病院の中で写真を撮ることと電話で話すことはできません。熱がある人は、まず受付で名前を書きます。 (Other accurate answers accepted.)
Chapter Review — Section E and F
These are open-ended production tasks. Evaluate written work against the Writing Assessment checklist above, and evaluate spoken work against the Performance Task assessment focus.
Looking Ahead
いまできること — What you can do now
You can combine directions, plans, health, and study or work into one connected interaction; use て-forms, permission, prohibition, desire, and ability accurately; report speech and opinions with と言いました and と思います; and read and write practical community texts using the twenty-two Unit III kanji, adjusting your register appropriately along the way.