매일 무엇을 해요?Daily Routines
Chapter Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
- Conjugate 하다 verbs into the present polite form.
- Talk about your daily routine using common routine verbs.
- Use adverbs of frequency such as 보통, 항상, and 가끔 to describe how often you do something.
- Use the particle 에 with recurring time words such as 아침에 and 저녁에.
- Use the particle 도 to say that something is also true.
- Describe a typical day in connected polite sentences.
- Ask and answer questions about someone else's daily routine.
Communication Scenario
Class has a new getting-to-know-you activity this week: 하루 일과 인터뷰, a daily-routine interview. Students are pairing up to describe what they usually do every day, from waking up to going to sleep, and to compare their routines with a partner's.
- To talk about a routine, you need verbs for ordinary daily actions — waking up, washing, studying, working, exercising, resting — and a way to say how often you do each one.
- By the end of this chapter you will be able to describe your typical day from morning to night, say what you do every day versus only sometimes, and say that you and someone else share a habit, using only the systems activated through Chapter 7.
Core Vocabulary
The following productive vocabulary supports this chapter's communicative goal: describing a daily routine. Predicate entries show both the dictionary form and the chapter-appropriate polite present form.
동사 — Routine verbs (dictionary form → chapter form)
| Dictionary form | Chapter form (-아요/어요) | Meaning | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 일어나다 | 일어나요 | to get up; to wake up | ㅏ stem, no separate 아 |
| 자다 | 자요 | to sleep | ㅏ stem, no separate 아 |
| 씻다 | 씻어요 | to wash (oneself) | regular pattern |
| 쉬다 | 쉬어요 | to rest | regular pattern |
| 만나다 | 만나요 | to meet | ㅏ stem, no separate 아; object usually marked with 을/를 |
하다 동사 — 하다 verbs (dictionary form → chapter form)
| Dictionary form | Chapter form (해요) | Meaning | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 공부하다 | 공부해요 | to study | 공부 (Sino-Korean noun) + 하다 |
| 일하다 | 일해요 | to work | 일 (native noun) + 하다 |
| 운동하다 | 운동해요 | to exercise | 운동 (Sino-Korean noun) + 하다 |
| 청소하다 | 청소해요 | to clean | 청소 (Sino-Korean noun) + 하다 |
| 전화하다 | 전화해요 | to call (on the phone) | 전화 (Sino-Korean noun) + 하다; recipient usually marked with 에게/한테 (receptive here; scheduled formally in a later chapter) |
시간과 부사 — Time words and adverbs
| Korean | Meaning | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 아침에 | in the morning | 아침 + recurring-time 에 |
| 오후에 | in the afternoon | 오후 + recurring-time 에 |
| 저녁에 | in the evening | 저녁 + recurring-time 에 |
| 밤에 | at night | 밤 + recurring-time 에 |
| 매일 | every day | Sino-Korean; no 에 attaches |
| 보통 | usually | adverb; placed before the verb |
| 항상 | always | adverb; placed before the verb |
| 가끔 | sometimes | adverb; placed before the verb |
| 자주 | often | adverb; placed before the verb |
| 일찍 | early | adverb; placed before the verb |
| 늦게 | late | adverb; placed before the verb |
Receptive load: 에게/한테 (the recipient particle used with 전화하다) appears once for recognition only in this chapter; its full analysis is scheduled for a later chapter.
Pronunciation Focus
This chapter does not introduce a new sound-change rule. It gives you controlled practice with the 하다 → 해요 pattern, which some learners rush through too quickly, and with batchim in 씻어요 and 늦게.
Every 하다 verb conjugates the same way: replace 하다 with 해요. Do not apply the ㅏ-stem rule from Chapter 6 here — the result is not 하아요. This is a fixed pattern that applies to every 하다 verb you will ever learn, including all five in this chapter's vocabulary.
Read the following words aloud, paying attention to the batchim in 씻어요 and to the ㅈ+ㄱ sequence pronounced together in 늦게.
일어나요 · 자요 · 씻어요 · 공부해요 · 일해요 · 운동해요 · 청소해요 · 전화해요 · 늦게
받침 점검: in 늦게, the batchim ㅈ before ㄱ is pronounced as an unreleased ㄷ-like stop, giving a sound close to 늗께. You will study this tensification pattern formally in a later chapter; for now, simply imitate the pronunciation as modeled.
Grammar and Sentence Patterns
문법 1 — 하다 verbs
Communicative purpose: talk about a large family of common actions — studying, working, exercising, cleaning, calling — using one predictable conjugation pattern.
Many Korean verbs are built from a noun plus 하다 ("to do"). To conjugate any 하다 verb into the present polite form, simply replace 하다 with 해요.
| Dictionary form | Chapter form | Pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 공부하다 | 공부해요 | noun 공부 + 하다 → 해요 |
| 운동하다 | 운동해요 | noun 운동 + 하다 → 해요 |
- 저는 한국어를 공부해요. I study Korean. 저는 [topic] + 한국어를 [object] + 공부해요 [verb]
- 아버지는 회사에서 일해요. My father works at a company.
Some 하다 verbs, such as 운동하다 and 일하다, are typically used without an object: 저는 운동해요 ("I exercise") is a complete sentence. Others, such as 공부하다, often appear with an object marked by 을/를, as in 한국어를 공부해요. Learn each verb's typical pattern along with its meaning rather than assuming every verb behaves the same way.
문법 2 — Adverbs of frequency
Communicative purpose: say how often you do something.
Frequency adverbs such as 보통, 항상, 가끔, and 자주 are placed before the verb they describe, usually near the beginning of the sentence.
- 저는 보통 일곱 시에 일어나요. I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- 저는 가끔 청소해요. I sometimes clean.
- 저는 항상 아침에 운동해요. I always exercise in the morning.
일곱 시 ("seven o'clock") is glossed here for the example only; the full hours-and-minutes system is scheduled for a later chapter. You may substitute any time word you already know.
문법 3 — Recurring time with 에
Communicative purpose: say when, in a recurring or habitual sense, something happens.
You have already used 에 with specific dates and specific locations. The same particle attaches to time-of-day words like 아침, 오후, 저녁, and 밤 to mark a recurring time frame.
- 저는 아침에 씻어요. I wash up in the morning.
- 저녁에 친구를 만나요. I meet a friend in the evening.
매일 ("every day") does not take 에: say 매일 일해요, not 매일에 일해요.
문법 4 — Inclusion particle 도
Communicative purpose: say that something is also true, in addition to something already mentioned.
도 replaces 은/는, 이/가, or 을/를 on the noun it attaches to; it does not stack with them.
- 저는 아침에 운동해요. 저녁에도 운동해요. I exercise in the morning. I also exercise in the evening. 저녁에 + 도 (에 remains; 도 adds "also")
- 민준 씨도 매일 공부해요. Minjun also studies every day. 민준 씨 + 도, replacing 은/는
Practice — Building routine sentences
- Conjugate 일어나다, 청소하다, and 쉬다 into the polite present form.
- Write one sentence with a recurring-time 에 phrase and a routine verb.
- Write one sentence using a frequency adverb.
- Write one sentence using 도 to say that a second time or person also does the same thing.
Model Dialogue
Setting: Layla and Minjun are doing the 하루 일과 인터뷰 activity, comparing their daily routines.
내용 이해 — Comprehension questions:
- What time does Minjun usually get up?
- How often does Layla exercise, and how often does Minjun exercise?
- What does each person always do in the evening?
- What does Minjun do late at night?
Listening
Ask your instructor, a language partner, or a text-to-speech tool to read the following two short passages aloud. Listen twice without reading, then complete the tasks below.
수진 씨 이야기
저는 수진이에요. 저는 보통 여섯 시에 일어나요. 아침에 운동해요. 오후에 일해요. 저녁에는 항상 저녁을 먹어요. 밤에 일찍 자요.
다니엘 씨 이야기
저는 다니엘이에요. 저는 보통 여덟 시에 일어나요. 아침에 씻고 학교에 가요. 오후에 한국어를 공부해요. 저녁에도 공부해요. 저는 자주 늦게 자요.
듣기 과제 — Listening task: Listen and complete the table.
| 이름 | Wakes up | Morning | Evening | Sleeps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 수진 | ______ | ______ | ______ | ______ |
| 다니엘 | ______ | ______ | ______ | ______ |
받아쓰기 — Dictation: Your partner or instructor reads the sentence containing an adverb of frequency from each passage once at natural speed. Write what you hear in Hangeul.
- (frequency-adverb sentence from 수진 씨 이야기)
- (frequency-adverb sentence from 다니엘 씨 이야기)
Reading
Below is a short journal entry that Nurul wrote about her week. Read it and answer the questions below.
누룰 씨의 일기
저는 보통 일곱 시에 일어나요. 아침에 씻고 밥을 먹어요.
오후에 학교에서 공부해요. 저는 한국어를 아주 좋아해요.
저녁에는 가끔 친구를 만나요. 친구도 한국어를 공부해요.
저는 항상 밤에 청소해요. 그리고 열한 시에 자요.
New item in this passage: 열한 시 (eleven o'clock, receptive — glossed here for comprehension only; the full hours system is scheduled for a later chapter).
내용 이해 — Comprehension questions:
- What time does Nurul usually get up?
- What does she do in the afternoon, and how does she feel about it?
- What does Nurul's friend also do?
- What does Nurul always do at night, and what time does she go to sleep?
Writing Workshop
This chapter's writing task is a short daily-routine paragraph, 저의 하루 ("My Day"), describing your typical schedule from morning to night.
- State your wake-up and morning routine. Use a recurring-time 에 phrase with at least one morning action.
- Add a frequency adverb. Use 보통, 항상, 가끔, or 자주 to describe how often you do at least one activity.
- Add an inclusion sentence. Use 도 to say that another time of day or another person shares one of your habits.
- Close with your evening or nighttime routine. Include at least one 하다 verb.
- Revise. Check your draft against the editing checklist below.
체크리스트 — Editing checklist:
- Every 하다 verb is conjugated as 해요, not 하아요.
- Recurring-time 에 attaches to 아침/오후/저녁/밤 correctly, and 매일 does not take 에.
- Frequency adverbs appear before the verb they describe.
- 도 replaces 은/는, 이/가, or 을/를ーit does not stack with them.
- Earlier systems (은/는, 이/가, 을/를, -아요/어요, 안) are still used correctly where they appear.
- No sentence relies on grammar not yet activated (Chapters 8 and beyond).
Speaking Practice
통제 연습 — Controlled practice: 하다 verb chain
Working with a partner or alone, say the dictionary form and the 해요 form of each 하다 verb from this chapter's vocabulary table in order, without pausing: 공부하다–공부해요, 일하다–일해요, and so on through the full list.
의사소통 과제 — Communicative task: 하루 일과 인터뷰
Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions below, then report your partner's answers to a third classmate, using 도 at least once to note something you both do.
- 보통 몇 시에 일어나요?
- 아침에 뭐 해요?
- 항상 저녁에 뭐 해요?
- 가끔 뭐 해요?
혼자 하는 연습 — Solo alternative
Record yourself describing your typical day from morning to night, using at least one 하다 verb, one frequency adverb, one recurring-time 에 phrase, and one 도 sentence. Listen back and check your placement of adverbs and your choice of particles against the Grammar section.
Culture and Communication
하다 is one of the most productive elements in Korean: it combines with an enormous number of Sino-Korean and native nouns to form new verbs, from 공부하다 ("to study") to highly specialized professional and academic terms you will encounter in later volumes. Recognizing the noun-plus-하다 pattern will help you understand many new verbs before they are formally taught.
Describing a typical day is a common topic in everyday South Korean conversation, especially among students and coworkers getting to know each other. Questions like 보통 몇 시에 일어나요? are ordinary small talk rather than intrusive personal questions in most everyday, informal contexts.
Typical daily schedules vary by city, school, workplace, and household throughout South Korea and among diaspora communities. The routines and time expressions in this chapter reflect commonly used everyday patterns rather than a single fixed national schedule.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Error: 저는 운동하아요.
Correction: 저는 운동해요. — 하다 always becomes 해요; it does not follow the ㅏ-stem contraction rule from Chapter 6.
Error: 매일에 공부해요.
Correction: 매일 공부해요. — 매일 does not take 에; time words like 아침, 오후, 저녁, and 밤 do.
Error: 저는도 운동해요.
Correction: 저도 운동해요. — 도 replaces 은/는, 이/가, or 을/를; it does not attach alongside them.
Error: 저는 운동해요 보통.
Correction: 저는 보통 운동해요. — Frequency adverbs like 보통 come before the verb, not after it.
Chapter Review
Section A — 어휘 (Vocabulary)
1. List four 하다 verbs from this chapter.
2. List four frequency or time adverbs from this chapter.
Section B — 문법 (Grammar)
1. Conjugate into 해요: 청소하다, 전화하다, 일하다.
2. Add 에 where needed:
- 아침___ 씻어요.
- 매일___ 운동해요. (no 에 needed — mark with an X)
- 저녁___ 친구를 만나요.
3. Correct the errors:
- 저는 운동하아요.
- 매일에 공부해요.
- 저는도 운동해요.
Section C — 독해 이해 (Reading Comprehension)
1. According to Nurul's journal entry, what does she always do at night?
2. What does her friend also do?
Section D — 쓰기 (Writing)
1. Write a four-to-six sentence daily-routine paragraph using a 하다 verb, a frequency adverb, a recurring-time 에 phrase, and 도, following the Writing Workshop checklist.
Section E — 말하기 (Speaking)
1. Without notes, tell a partner about your typical day from morning to night, including at least one thing you both do.
누적 복습 — Cumulative review
This chapter recycles the copula, 은/는, 이/가, 을/를, the -아요/어요 ending, and short negation with 안 from Chapters 1 through 6 inside the Model Dialogue, Reading, and Writing Workshop, alongside this chapter's new 하다 verbs, frequency adverbs, recurring-time 에, and inclusion 도. If any earlier item felt uncertain while completing this chapter, return to Chapters 1 through 6 before continuing to Chapter 8.
Practical Performance Task
수행 과제
저의 하루 — My Day
You will describe your daily routine in speech and in writing, using only the systems activated through Chapter 7.
- Written: Write your daily-routine paragraph from the Writing Workshop, including at least one 하다 verb, one frequency adverb, one recurring-time 에 phrase, and one 도 sentence.
- Spoken: Present your routine aloud to a partner or record yourself, then answer one unscripted follow-up question about a part of your day you did not mention.
- Reflection: Write one English sentence identifying which part of this chapter — 하다 conjugation, adverb placement, or 도 — still feels least automatic, and one specific thing you will review before Chapter 8.
| Criterion | What is evaluated |
|---|---|
| 하다 verb accuracy | Correct 해요 conjugation for all 하다 verbs used |
| Recurring-time accuracy | Correct use of 에 with 아침/오후/저녁/밤, and correct omission with 매일 |
| Adverb placement | Frequency adverbs placed before the verb they describe |
| Inclusion-particle accuracy | Correct use of 도 in place of, not alongside, another particle |
| Vocabulary use | Accurate, level-appropriate routine vocabulary |
| Cumulative accuracy | Correct continued use of 은/는, 이/가, 을/를, -아요/어요, and 안 where relevant |
| Scope discipline | No structures used beyond Chapters 1–7 |
Answer Key
Grammar Practice
청소하다 → 청소해요 전화하다 → 전화해요 일하다 → 일해요
Dialogue — Comprehension
- Minjun usually gets up at seven o'clock.
- Layla exercises every day; Minjun exercises sometimes.
- Both always study Korean in the evening.
- Minjun goes to sleep late at night.
Listening comprehension table
- 수진 — Wakes up: 여섯 시. Morning: 운동해요. Evening: 저녁을 먹어요. Sleeps: 일찍.
- 다니엘 — Wakes up: 여덟 시. Morning: 씻고 학교에 가요. Evening: 공부해요. Sleeps: 자주 늦게.
Reading comprehension
- Nurul usually gets up at seven o'clock.
- She studies at school in the afternoon; she likes Korean very much.
- Her friend also studies Korean.
- Nurul always cleans at night and goes to sleep at eleven.
Chapter Review — Section B
- 청소해요, 전화해요, 일해요
- (a) 아침에 씻어요. (b) 매일 운동해요. (X — no 에) (c) 저녁에 친구를 만나요.
- (a) → 저는 운동해요. (하다 always becomes 해요) (b) → 매일 공부해요. (매일 does not take 에) (c) → 저도 운동해요. (도 replaces 는, not stacks with it)
Section D — Sample daily-routine paragraph
저는 보통 일곱 시에 일어나요. 아침에 씻어요. 저는 항상 저녁에 한국어를 공부해요. 친구도 저녁에 공부해요. 저는 자주 늦게 자요.
Check that: every 하다 verb is conjugated as 해요; recurring-time 에 is used correctly and omitted with 매일; frequency adverbs appear before their verbs; 도 replaces rather than stacks with another particle; earlier systems (은/는, 이/가, 을/를, -아요/어요, 안) remain accurate where used.
Looking Ahead
지금 할 수 있는 것 — What you can do now
You can conjugate 하다 verbs, describe how often you do something, mark recurring times of day with 에, and say that something is also true with 도. Combined with Chapters 1 through 6, you can now introduce yourself, describe your family, state dates, talk about food and drink, and describe your daily routine — all in connected polite Korean.