最终项目：我的中文生活和未来计划
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
This is the final chapter of Volume II. It introduces no new grammar, no new high-burden character set, and no new pronunciation system. Instead, it asks you to bring together everything you have consolidated across Unit IV — and, more broadly, across the whole volume — into one integrated B1-oriented portfolio project. You will describe your life in Mandarin so far, explain your goals and plans, and connect a problem you have worked through with the solution you proposed for it, using systems from earlier chapters such as 打算/计划, advice language, 因为...所以..., 虽然...但是..., and 可以/应该/最好的办法是...
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
- Present a connected account of your Mandarin-learning life and your everyday routines.
- State goals and plans clearly using 打算 and 计划, and give reasons for them.
- Give and respond to advice using previously consolidated modal language.
- Explain a problem, its reason, a complication, and a proposed solution as one connected passage.
- Complete an integrated listening, reading, speaking, and writing portfolio project that draws on the full range of systems consolidated in Volume II.
Communication Scenario
Your Mandarin class or study group is holding a small end-of-term sharing session. Each learner presents a short project about their life, goals, and one problem they have worked through, and classmates respond with questions and their own suggestions. You will listen to a model presentation, read a model written portfolio entry, discuss your own project with a partner, and write your final portfolio paragraph.
- You will listen to a short presentation someone gives about their life, goals, and a problem they solved.
- You will read a written portfolio entry that connects a life update, a goal, and a problem-solution account.
- You will discuss your own project with a partner, asking and answering follow-up questions.
- You will write your own final portfolio paragraph connecting your life, your goals, and a problem and its solution.
Core Vocabulary Review
This chapter introduces no new productive vocabulary. The table below reviews high-value words from recent chapters that you will need for your final project. All entries are already productive from earlier chapters.
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Part/Function | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 打算 | dǎsuàn | verb/noun | to plan; to intend; plan | 我打算明年学习更多中文。 |
| 计划 | jìhuà | verb/noun | to plan; plan | 这是我的学习计划。 |
| 问题 | wèntí | noun | problem; question | 我遇到了一个问题。 |
| 原因 | yuányīn | noun | reason; cause | 这个问题的原因是什么？ |
| 办法 | bànfǎ | noun | way; method; solution | 我有一个办法。 |
| 解决 | jiějué | verb | to solve; to resolve | 我已经解决了这个问题。 |
| 进步 | jìnbù | noun/verb | progress; to improve | 我的中文有进步。 |
| 继续 | jìxù | verb | to continue | 我打算继续学习中文。 |
| 目标 | mùbiāo | noun | goal; target | 我的目标是能看中文新闻。 |
| 希望 | xīwàng | verb/noun | to hope; hope | 我希望明年能去中国。 |
All vocabulary in this chapter is recycled from earlier chapters in Volume II. No new productive words are introduced. Recycle any additional vocabulary from your own earlier chapters that fits your personal project.
Pronunciation Focus: Connected Speech Across a Longer Presentation
This chapter introduces no new pronunciation system. Instead, it asks you to apply everything you have consolidated — tones, tone sandhi, neutral tone, and rhythm and phrasing — across a longer, multi-sentence presentation rather than isolated sentences.
| Phrase | Pinyin | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 我打算继续学习 | wǒ dǎsuàn jìxù xuéxí | third-tone sandhi applies between 打 and 算; keep the phrase grouped as one unit |
| 虽然...但是... | suīrán... dànshì... | maintain the pause and stress pattern you practiced in Chapter 19 when moving between longer clauses |
| 不太难 | bú tài nán | bù becomes second tone before the fourth-tone tài, a pattern consolidated since earlier chapters |
Practice your final presentation aloud several times, grouping your sentences into short sense units and pausing naturally between your life update, your goals, and your problem-solution account, so a listener can follow each part clearly.
Grammar and Sentence Patterns Review
This chapter introduces no new grammar. The patterns below are reviewed because your final project requires you to combine them into one connected account.
1. Stating Goals and Plans: 打算 and 计划
| Pattern | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| (我) 打算 + verb phrase | state an intention or plan | 我打算明年去中国旅行。 |
| 我的计划是... | name a plan as a noun phrase | 我的计划是每天练习说中文。 |
| 我希望 + clause | express a hope connected to a goal | 我希望明年能读懂中文新闻。 |
2. Explaining a Problem and Its Reason: 因为...所以... and ...的原因是...
| Pattern | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 因为 + reason，所以 + result | full reason-result explanation | 因为我以前不常练习说话，所以我的口语不太好。 |
| ...的原因是... | name the reason directly | 这个问题的原因是我没有安排时间复习。 |
3. Acknowledging a Complication: 虽然...但是...
| Pattern | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 虽然 + fact，但是 + contrast | note a complication that still matters | 虽然学中文有时候很难，但是我觉得很有意思。 |
4. Proposing and Reporting a Solution: 可以, 应该, 最好的办法是..., and 已经...了
| Pattern | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 最好的办法是... | name the best solution | 最好的办法是每个星期跟中文母语的朋友聊天。 |
| 我已经 + verb + 了 | report that a solution has already been carried out | 我已经开始每天听中文广播了。 |
Every pattern above was introduced, developed, and consolidated in an earlier chapter. This chapter asks you to combine them fluently, not to learn anything new.
Model Presentation: 我的中文生活和未来计划
Context: a learner presents a short end-of-term project to classmates in a study group; neutral, semi-formal register.
大家好，我想说说我的中文生活和未来计划。我学中文已经一年多了，现在每天都会说一点儿中文，也能读一些简单的文章。我打算明年继续学习中文，我的目标是能听懂中文新闻，也希望能去中国旅行一次。
我最近遇到了一个问题：因为我平时工作很忙，所以没有很多时间练习说话。虽然这个问题让我有点儿着急，但是我后来想了一个办法。我觉得最好的办法是每个星期跟一个说中文的朋友聊半个小时。我已经开始这样做了，我觉得我的口语进步了不少。
谢谢大家，你们有什么问题或者建议吗？
Hello everyone, I'd like to talk about my Chinese-learning life and future plans. I've been learning Chinese for over a year now, and these days I can speak a little Chinese every day, and I can also read some simple articles. I plan to keep studying Chinese next year — my goal is to be able to understand Chinese news, and I also hope to travel to China once. I recently ran into a problem: because I'm usually very busy with work, I don't have much time to practice speaking. Although this problem made me a little anxious, I later thought of a solution. I think the best solution is to chat with a Chinese-speaking friend for half an hour every week. I've already started doing this, and I feel my spoken Chinese has improved quite a bit. Thank you all — does anyone have any questions or suggestions?
同学：你的口语进步真快！你觉得跟朋友聊天是不是比上课更有用？
你：我觉得两个都有用，但是跟朋友聊天让我更敢开口说话。
Classmate: Your spoken Chinese has really improved fast! Do you think chatting with a friend is more useful than going to class? You: I think both are useful, but chatting with a friend makes me braver about speaking up.
Guided Practice
A. Combine each pair of ideas into one sentence using the pattern indicated.
- 我平时工作很忙。我没有很多时间练习说话。（因为...所以...）
- 这个问题让我有点儿着急。我后来想了一个办法。（虽然...但是...）
- 每个星期跟朋友聊半个小时中文。这是最好的办法。（最好的办法是...）
B. Complete each sentence about your own plans with your own information.
- 我打算明年______。
- 我的目标是______。
- 我希望______。
C. Write one sentence reporting a solution you have already carried out, using 已经...了.
- （提示：想一想你自己学习中文时用过的一个办法。）
Listening Practice
Listening script for independent use. Read aloud slowly, then at a natural pace, or have a fluent speaker record it.
短的介绍 — Short presentation:
大家好，我叫小美。我学中文两年了，现在能写短的电子邮件，也能看懂简单的通知。我打算明年考一个中文考试，我的目标是能在工作的时候用中文写报告。
我以前遇到过一个问题：因为我不常写字，所以我常常忘记怎么写汉字。虽然这个问题不算特别严重，但是它影响了我的考试成绩。后来我想了一个办法：我每天都用手机打字练习写句子，也开始用本子写几个新的字。这个办法真的有用，我现在的写作有进步了。
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 小美的目标是什么？ | ______ |
| 小美遇到了什么问题？原因是什么？ | ______ |
| 小美用了什么办法解决这个问题？ | ______ |
Speaking Practice
交际任务 — Communicative task: 我的中文生活和未来计划
With a partner or small group, give a short spoken presentation (about one to two minutes) about your Mandarin-learning life so far, your goals and plans, and one problem you have faced with a reason, a complication, and a solution. Your listeners should ask at least one follow-up question and offer their own reaction or suggestion.
独立练习 — Solo alternative
Record yourself giving the full presentation described above, following the same structure: a life update, your goals and plans, and a problem-reason-complication-solution account.
Reading Practice
Read the model written portfolio entry, then answer the questions.
我叫大卫，学中文一年半了。现在我每天都听一点儿中文广播，也能跟中国朋友用中文聊几句。我打算明年继续上中文课，我的目标是能看懂简单的中文新闻，也希望有机会去中国工作一段时间。
我以前遇到过一个问题：因为我不太敢开口说话，所以我说中文的机会很少。虽然这个问题让我进步得比较慢，但是我后来想了一个办法。我觉得最好的办法是每个星期找一个中文伙伴练习说话，就算说错了也没关系。我已经这样做了三个月，我觉得我现在说中文比以前自然多了。
- 大卫的目标是什么？
- 大卫以前遇到的问题是什么？原因是什么？
- 大卫觉得最好的办法是什么？他已经做了多久？
Writing Workshop: Final Portfolio Paragraph
Write your final portfolio paragraph (eight to twelve sentences) connecting your Mandarin-learning life, your goals and plans, and a problem you have faced with its reason, a complication, and a proposed or already-attempted solution.
写作任务 — Writing task: Type your paragraph with Pinyin input. Your paragraph must include:
- A brief life update describing your current Mandarin abilities.
- A goal or plan using 打算, 计划, 目标, or 希望.
- A problem and its reason using 因为...所以... or ...的原因是...
- A complication using 虽然...但是...
- A proposed or already-attempted solution using 可以, 应该, 最好的办法是..., or 已经...了.
修改清单 — Editing checklist:
- The life update, goal, problem, reason, complication, and solution are clearly distinguished from each other.
- 因为...所以... or ...的原因是... is used correctly to connect a reason and a result.
- 虽然...但是... is used correctly to introduce a genuine complication or contrast.
- The solution uses 可以, 应该, 最好的办法是..., or 已经...了 appropriately.
- Chinese punctuation (，。？！) is used correctly throughout.
- No grammar beyond systems already consolidated in Volume II is required to complete the task.
Culture and Communication
Among many Mandarin speakers, describing one's own progress and future goals often pairs a positive statement with a modest qualifier, such as noting that there is still more to learn or that a result was only "还可以" (so-so, acceptable) rather than describing it in strongly positive terms. Phrases such as 我觉得有一点儿进步 or 还需要继续努力 allow a speaker to share genuine progress while keeping the tone modest and forward-looking. This tendency is common in many settings, though individual speakers and contexts vary, and directness in self-presentation is increasingly common in some professional and international settings as well.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Listing goals, problems, and solutions without connecting them: your project should read as one connected account, not three separate lists.
- Using 虽然 without 但是 or 可是: keep the concession pattern paired, as practiced in Chapter 19.
- Confusing 打算 and 希望: 打算 states a concrete intention; 希望 expresses a hope that may or may not be fully within your control.
- Forgetting 了 when reporting a completed solution: 已经...了 signals that you have already taken action, which is different from simply proposing a future solution.
- Introducing untaught grammar or vocabulary: this final project should showcase fluent control of systems you have already consolidated, not new material.
Chapter Summary
This chapter introduced no new grammar, vocabulary, or pronunciation system. Instead, it asked you to combine goal and plan language (打算, 计划, 目标, 希望), reason-result and concession patterns (因为...所以..., ...的原因是..., 虽然...但是...), and solution language (可以, 应该, 最好的办法是..., 已经...了) into one connected life-goals-and-problem-solving portfolio project. You listened to and read model presentations and portfolio entries, discussed your own project with a partner, and wrote a final portfolio paragraph integrating all of these systems.
Chapter Review
部分 A — 听力和阅读 (Listening and Reading)
1. I can follow a short presentation about someone's life, goals, and a problem-solution account.
2. I can read a written portfolio entry and identify the life update, the goal, the problem, the reason, the complication, and the solution.
部分 B — 口语 (Speaking)
1. I can give a connected spoken presentation about my Mandarin-learning life, my goals, and a problem I have faced and solved.
部分 C — 写作 (Writing)
1. I can write a final portfolio paragraph connecting a life update, a goal, a problem, its reason, a complication, and a solution.
Recognition Check
Say each of the following aloud: 我打算继续学习中文, 我的目标是..., 因为...所以..., 虽然...但是..., 最好的办法是..., 我已经...了. If any of these feel uncertain, review the relevant earlier chapter before completing your final project.
Practical Performance Task
Chapter 20 Final Portfolio Performance Task
最终项目：我的中文生活和未来计划 — Final Project: My Chinese Life and Future Plans
Complete the following four connected tasks in one sitting to demonstrate integrated, cumulative control of Volume II.
- Listen to the short presentation and complete the listening comprehension table above.
- Read the portfolio entry and answer the comprehension questions.
- Speak with a partner (or record independently) about your Mandarin-learning life, your goals, and a problem you have faced and solved.
- Write your final portfolio paragraph, following the Writing Workshop steps and editing checklist.
Answer Key
Guided Practice
A. 1. 因为我平时工作很忙，所以我没有很多时间练习说话。 2. 虽然这个问题让我有点儿着急，但是我后来想了一个办法。 3. 最好的办法是每个星期跟朋友聊半个小时中文。
B. Open-ended; answers will vary based on the learner's own plans and goals. Any accurate, natural sentence using 打算, 目标, or 希望 is acceptable.
C. Open-ended; model answer: 我已经开始每天听中文广播了。 Other accurate, natural answers using 已经...了 are acceptable.
Listening Practice
- Xiaomei's goal is to be able to use Chinese to write reports at work.
- Xiaomei's problem is that she often forgets how to write characters because she doesn't write by hand often.
- She solved it by practicing typing sentences on her phone every day and writing a few new characters in a notebook.
Reading Practice
- David's goal is to understand simple Chinese news and to have a chance to work in China for a while.
- His problem was that he wasn't brave about speaking up, so he had few chances to speak Chinese; this slowed his progress.
- He thinks the best solution is finding a Chinese practice partner every week, even if he makes mistakes; he has been doing this for three months.
Chapter Review
This checklist is for learner self-reflection; there is no single fixed answer. If any item feels uncertain, review the relevant chapter before completing the final portfolio project.
Looking Ahead
现在你会做什么 — What you can do now
You can describe your Mandarin-learning life, state your goals and plans, and explain a problem, its reason, a complication, and a proposed or attempted solution, all as one connected, integrated account at the B1 level.