The Professional Contractor
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Book 27 — Business Formation, Licensing, Contracts, Pricing, Insurance, Marketing, and Customer Relations

Project 02

Choose a Business Structure and Set Up Company Records

Compare business structures with qualified advisors, select and register a professionally reviewed structure, document ownership and authority, and build one controlled company record system for governance, licenses, insurance, contracts, personnel, and retention that every later chapter in this book will use.

Field Cue System

These cues appear at the point of work. They identify compliance, professional-review, jurisdictional, and documentation issues before an unreviewed structure or an uncontrolled record becomes a liability.

△

Business Risk Cue

A choice that increases liability, tax, or continuity exposure if left unaddressed.

✋

Critical Compliance Cue

An action that must not be taken, or must be stopped, until a specific legal or registration condition is satisfied.

⛑

Operational Discipline Cue

Practical controls that keep company records accurate and separated as the business begins operating.

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Licensing and Jurisdiction Alert

Registration and reporting requirements vary by state, county, and municipality. Verify current requirements before relying on this chapter.

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Professional Advisor Cue

A point where an attorney, CPA, or the official registry must be consulted before proceeding.

▱

Documentation Cue

A decision, document, or figure that must be written down, dated, and retained in the company record system.

Job Overview

This project produces one professionally reviewed business structure and one controlled company record system built on the Chapter 1 business model. The finished work product is the completed official registration or formation documents, a documented ownership and authority record, a secure corporate-record book with defined sections, and a completed business-setup checklist.

You will compare available business structures with qualified advisors, select and register the entity or proprietorship, document owners, contributions, and authority, obtain the required taxpayer identification, and build the record system that will hold every license, policy, contract, employee file, and financial record produced by the rest of this book.

This project depends directly on Chapter 1: the services, jurisdictions, and ownership group approved in the Business Model Statement control which structures are even available for review. Nothing in Chapters 3 through 20 may proceed ahead of this project: the licensing applications in Chapter 3, the insurance applications in Chapter 4, and the banking setup in Chapter 5 all require the legal name, entity type, and taxpayer identification established here.

Skills You Will Demonstrate

  • PC-007 — Compare available business structures against ownership, liability, taxation, continuity, and licensing considerations with qualified advisors.
  • PC-008 — Identify the registration, taxpayer-identification, and local requirements that apply to the selected structure.
  • PC-009 — Organize official formation, ownership, and authority documents in a controlled company record system.
  • PC-010 — Set up recordkeeping sections for governance, licenses, insurance, contracts, employees, and property.
  • PC-011 — Document ownership percentages, contributions, signing authority, and continuity information.
  • PC-012 — Prepare a completed business-setup checklist showing completed, pending, and professionally reviewed items.

Where This Skill Fits

This project builds directly on the approved Business Model Statement from Chapter 1. The service list, jurisdiction list, and ownership group defined there determine which business structures are appropriate to compare, and the risk boundaries defined there inform the liability discussion with the attorney and CPA.

Every later system in the book references the company record system built here. The licensing matrix in Chapter 3, the insurance and bond file in Chapter 4, the banking and accounting system in Chapter 5, the employee files in Chapter 15, and the subcontractor and vendor records in Chapter 16 are all stored inside the sections created in this project. The signing-authority matrix created here also controls who may execute contracts, changes, and payments throughout the remaining chapters.

Scope and Intended Use

This project covers:

  • comparing sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, or other permitted structures with qualified advisors
  • confirming whether the proposed structure is permitted for the applicable contractor license or professional relationship
  • documenting owners, percentages, voting rights, managers, officers, qualifiers, and authorized signers
  • registering the legal name and obtaining official formation and taxpayer-identification documents
  • creating a secure corporate-record book with defined sections and access controls
  • creating a signing-authority matrix, governance calendar, and asset register
  • completing a business-setup checklist reviewed by qualified professionals

This project does not authorize the learner to:

  • select an entity structure solely from online summaries or liability-marketing claims instead of qualified professional advice
  • treat entity formation as authorization to contract; licensing in Chapter 3, insurance in Chapter 4, and banking in Chapter 5 must still be completed
  • rely on this chapter for legal, tax, or accounting advice; every structure decision must be confirmed with a qualified attorney or CPA
  • commingle personal and business names, funds, contracts, or property under the new structure

Any structure, registration, or record decision that has not been confirmed with a qualified advisor or the official registry must be treated as provisional until Section H review is complete.

Reference Conventions

Establish these references before selecting a structure or building records, and do not change their meaning mid-document.

TermDefinition
Legal nameThe registered name of the entity or proprietorship as recorded with the official registry
Trade nameAn assumed or "doing business as" name used in operations, advertising, or contracts, if different from the legal name
QualifierThe individual whose license, experience, or credentials qualify the business entity for a contractor license
Signing authorityThe specific person or persons authorized to execute contracts, checks, credit applications, payroll, hiring, purchases, debt, and legal filings on behalf of the business
Corporate-record bookThe single controlled record system, physical or digital, holding formation, governance, ownership, license, insurance, contract, employee, and property records
Governance calendarThe schedule of required reports, meetings, minutes, annual filings, and renewal dates tied to the selected structure
Asset registerThe record of company-owned tools, vehicles, and equipment showing ownership, financing, insurance, and disposition
Business-setup checklistThe document produced by this project recording completed, pending, not-applicable, and professional-review items

Reference and Approval Record

Before the structure is selected, record the following directly on the business-setup checklist template:

Approved Chapter 1 model reference: ______     Candidate legal name(s): ______     Jurisdiction of formation: ______

Date started: ____________     Target registration date: ____________     Reviewing attorney/CPA: ____________

Prerequisites

Common Field Fundamentals

Every later system in this book depends on the legal name, entity type, taxpayer identification, and record system created here being accurate and singular. A business operating under an unclear or informally changed name, or with records scattered across separate personal and business files, cannot support the licensing, insurance, banking, contract, or job-cost systems built in later chapters.

Structure ComparisonOwnership, liability, tax, licensing fit — Section E
Ownership and AuthorityOwners, contributions, signing authority — Section E
RegistrationLegal name, official filing, taxpayer ID — Section F
Record SystemCorporate-record book, sections, access — Section G
Continuity ControlsGovernance calendar, asset register, continuity plan — Section G
Controlling DocumentBusiness-setup checklist, approved and dated — Section H

Structure Selection Discipline

A structure is only finalized after it is confirmed permitted for the contractor license or professional relationship the business intends to use, and after an attorney or CPA has reviewed ownership, liability, taxation, continuity, and administration considerations specific to this business. A structure that has not received this review is a draft selection, not an approved structure.

PC-007 – PC-012

Business Formation / Compliance Qualification

Business Structure Selection and Company Record System

Difficulty: Beginner

Estimated Time: 8–14 hours across two to four weeks

Estimated Cost: Official registration and taxpayer-ID fees plus professional consultation cost

Finished Work: One registered business structure with a complete company record system and approved setup checklist

A. Finished-Project Specification

Quantity: one professionally reviewed and registered business structure, one documented ownership and authority record, one corporate-record book with the sections listed in Section G, and one completed and approved business-setup checklist.

B. Document Schedule (Component Schedule)

DocumentQuantityFormatContent RequiredPreparation / Purpose
Official formation/registration documents1 setOfficial filed or issued documentsLegal name, entity type, filing date, registered agent, taxpayer identificationEstablishes the legal identity used by every later license, policy, and contract
Ownership and authority record1Written recordOwners, percentages, contributions, managers, officers, qualifier, authorized signersControls who may bind the business and how ownership is divided
Signing-authority matrix1TableContracts, checks, credit, payroll, hiring, purchases, debt, legal filings by authorized personPrevents unauthorized commitments across all later chapters
Corporate-record book1Physical or digital binder/systemSections listed in Section G, with access controlsThe single company record system used for the rest of the book
Business-setup checklist1ChecklistCompleted, pending, not-applicable, and professional-review itemsThe controlling approval record for this project

C. Information Takeoff

  • Chapter 1 inputs: the approved Business Model Statement, service-area and project-fit matrix, customer-fit checklist, and stop-work list, gathered before Step 1.
  • Ownership information: every proposed owner's name, percentage, contribution type, and proposed role, gathered before Step 6.
  • Professional input: at least one attorney or CPA for structure comparison, and the bank, licensing authority, or insurance broker as the specific question requires.
  • Registry information: the official secretary of state or business registry and tax-authority application requirements for the jurisdiction of formation.

D. Acceptance Standards

CheckStandard
Structure comparisonAt least two structures were compared on ownership, liability, taxation, continuity, and licensing fit, and the decision is documented with reviewer comments
Structure and license compatibilityThe selected structure is confirmed permitted for the applicable contractor license or professional relationship
RegistrationLegal name availability was verified, and official formation/registration documents and taxpayer identification were obtained
Ownership and authorityOwners, percentages, contributions, and signing authority are documented and consistent with the registered structure
Record systemThe corporate-record book contains every section listed in Section G with a defined access-control rule
Separation of funds and identityNo personal asset, vehicle, tool, contract, or bank account is being used by the business without a documented ownership, lease, reimbursement, or insurance treatment
Professional reviewAt least one attorney or CPA has reviewed the structure and the bank and licensing authority have confirmed applicable requirements before approval

E. Structure Comparison and Ownership Documentation

  1. Identify the jurisdiction of formation and the jurisdictions where the business will operate. Copy this list directly from the approved Chapter 1 service-area and project-fit matrix.
  2. List the business structures available for professional review, including sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, or other permitted form. Record each candidate structure on the business-setup checklist.
  3. Compare ownership, control, liability, taxation, continuity, administration, payroll, financing, licensing, and recordkeeping considerations with qualified advisors. Record the attorney's or CPA's specific comments for each structure compared.
  4. Do not select an entity solely from online summaries or liability marketing claims. Confirm the final selection is supported by the recorded professional comments, not by an unreviewed generic comparison.
  5. Confirm whether the proposed structure is permitted for the contractor license or professional relationship involved. Record the licensing authority's confirmation or the attorney's confirmation of this compatibility.
  6. Identify owners, percentages, voting rights, managers, officers, directors, qualifiers, and authorized signers. Record each on the ownership and authority record.
  7. Document contributions of cash, tools, vehicles, equipment, intellectual property, customer lists, and other assets. Record the contributing owner, the asset, and its value for each contribution.
  8. Identify buy-sell, death, disability, departure, dispute, and ownership-transfer issues requiring attorney review. List each issue and the attorney assigned to address it before final registration.

F. Registration and Identification

  1. Select the legal name and verify availability through the official registry. Record the search date and result on the business-setup checklist.
  2. Check trade name, assumed name, trademark, domain, social-media, and advertising consistency. Record each name's availability status before filing.
  3. Register the entity or proprietorship through the official process. Record the filing date, confirmation number, and official contact used.
  4. Obtain official formation, registration, charter, partnership, assumed-name, or similar documents. Store the issued documents in the corporate-record book's formation section.
  5. Obtain the appropriate taxpayer identification through the official tax process. Record the identification number's issuance date and store the confirmation document.
  6. Identify required state, local, payroll, sales-tax, unemployment, and industry registrations with professional guidance. List each required registration and its current status.

G. Company Record System

  1. Create the company information sheet with legal name, trade name, addresses, contacts, identification numbers, and authorized persons. Place this sheet at the front of the corporate-record book.
  2. Create a signing-authority matrix for contracts, checks, credit, payroll, hiring, purchases, debt, and legal filings. Name the specific authorized person for each category.
  3. Create a governance calendar for reports, meetings, minutes, annual filings, registered agent, renewals, and ownership updates. Record each required date and the responsible person.
  4. Create a secure physical or digital corporate-record book. Confirm the storage method and its access controls before filing any document.
  5. Create sections for formation, governance, ownership, licenses, insurance, bonds, taxes, banking, contracts, employees, subcontractors, vehicles, equipment, property, and legal matters. Label each section and confirm it is empty and ready for later chapters.
  6. Create a confidential-record section with restricted access. Name the specific persons permitted access to this section.
  7. Create a document-naming, revision, backup, retention, destruction, and release procedure. Write the specific naming convention and backup schedule to be used going forward.
  8. Store certified or official copies separately from working copies. Confirm the physical or digital location of each.
  9. Create a company seal, resolution, consent, meeting-minute, or authorization system only where advised or required. Record whether this applies to the selected structure.
  10. Create an asset register showing ownership, purchase date, serial number, financing, insurance, assignment, and disposition. Record every company-owned tool, vehicle, or equipment item currently known.
  11. Create a vehicle and equipment title and registration file. Store titles and registration documents in this file as they are obtained.
  12. Create a business-address, mail, registered-agent, and official-notice procedure. Record who receives official notices and how they are routed.
  13. Create a record of licenses, accounts, platforms, subscriptions, passwords, and responsible administrators without exposing credentials. Record the account name and responsible administrator only; store credentials in a separate secured system.
  14. Create a continuity plan for access if an owner or manager is unavailable. Name the backup authority and the specific access this plan restores.

H. Separation Review, Checklist, and Approval

  1. Review whether personal assets, vehicles, tools, or property are being used by the business without written ownership, lease, reimbursement, or insurance treatment. List every item found in this condition.
  2. Correct commingling of names, invoices, contracts, bank accounts, or property before operations begin. Record the correction taken for each item listed in the previous step.
  3. Prepare the business-setup checklist with completed, pending, not applicable, and professional-review items. Mark every item from Sections E through G with its current status.
  4. Review the completed structure and records with the attorney, CPA, licensing authority, broker, and bank as applicable. Record each reviewer's name, role, date, and comments.
  5. Obtain required approvals and archive evidence. Store each approval document in the corporate-record book's legal-matters section.
  6. Set annual and event-triggered reviews for ownership, authority, address, registered agent, and company records. Record the next scheduled review date and the specific events that would trigger an earlier review.

Common Model Inspection

Inspect the completed structure and record system using the same checks regardless of which structure or jurisdiction is involved.

Complete the Business Setup Approval Worksheet in the Inspection Checklist section below before beginning Project 03.

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Recommended image: a completed sample company information sheet showing legal name, trade name, addresses, and authorized persons.
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Recommended image: a sample signing-authority matrix with categories and authorized persons filled in.
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Recommended image: a labeled corporate-record book showing the section tabs described in Section G.
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Recommended image: a completed business-setup checklist showing completed, pending, and professional-review columns.

Failure Points and Troubleshooting

Cleanup

This project ends with the registered structure and company record system filed for reuse, not left as informal notes.

Field Terms

Legal Name
The registered name of the entity or proprietorship as recorded with the official registry.
Trade Name
An assumed or "doing business as" name used in operations, advertising, or contracts.
Qualifier
The individual whose license or credentials qualify the business entity for a contractor license.
Signing Authority
The specific person authorized to execute contracts, checks, payroll, purchases, debt, and legal filings.
Corporate-Record Book
The single controlled record system holding formation, governance, ownership, license, insurance, contract, employee, and property records.
Governance Calendar
The schedule of required reports, meetings, minutes, filings, and renewal dates tied to the selected structure.
Asset Register
The record of company-owned tools, vehicles, and equipment showing ownership, financing, insurance, and disposition.
Business-Setup Checklist
The document recording completed, pending, not-applicable, and professional-review items for this project.
Commingling
Using personal and business funds, property, or contracts interchangeably without a documented separation treatment.
Continuity Plan
The documented procedure for maintaining access to company records if an owner or manager becomes unavailable.

Skill Check

  1. Why must at least two business structures be compared with a qualified advisor before one is selected?
  2. Why is a submitted registration application not sufficient to begin advertising or contracting under a new name?
  3. What is the purpose of the signing-authority matrix, and what categories of authority must it cover?
  4. What sections must the corporate-record book contain before this project is considered complete?
  5. Why must the confidential-record section have restricted access separate from the general sections?
  6. What must be done before a personal vehicle, tool, or account can be used by the business?
  7. Why must the selected structure be confirmed compatible with the applicable contractor license before registration?
  8. What five documents must be completed and approved before this project is considered finished?
  9. What must the learner do if a personal asset or account is found commingled with business use?
  10. What conditions would require the governance calendar or structure to be reviewed before the next scheduled date?

Competency Rubric

CompetencyIndependent Pass StandardNot DemonstratedWith AssistanceIndependently
PC-007Compares at least two business structures against ownership, liability, taxation, continuity, and licensing considerations with a qualified attorney or CPA, and documents the reviewer's comments
PC-008Identifies the registration, taxpayer-identification, and local requirements applicable to the selected structure and confirms them issued, not merely submitted
PC-009Organizes official formation, ownership, and authority documents in a controlled company record system with defined sections
PC-010Sets up recordkeeping sections for governance, licenses, insurance, contracts, employees, and property, each ready to receive later-chapter records
PC-011Documents ownership percentages, contributions, signing authority, and continuity information consistent with the registered structure
PC-012Produces a completed, professionally reviewed business-setup checklist showing completed, pending, and not-applicable items, filed in the corporate-record book

Mark one column per competency. Only Demonstrated Independently awards the competency; Demonstrated with Assistance authorizes additional supervised practice but does not complete the requirement.

Inspection Checklist — Business Setup Approval Worksheet

ItemStandardComplete (Y/N)Notes / Correction
Structure comparisonAt least two structures compared with attorney/CPA; comments recorded
Structure/license compatibilityConfirmed permitted for the applicable contractor license
Legal name and registrationAvailability verified; official documents issued
Taxpayer identificationObtained and stored
Ownership and authority recordOwners, contributions, and signing authority documented
Corporate-record bookAll required sections created with access controls
Governance calendar and asset registerCreated with responsible owners and dates
Separation of personal and business assetsNo commingled asset, contract, or account remains undocumented
Professional review completedAttorney, CPA, and other applicable reviewers named; comments recorded and addressed

Business setup declared complete: ______ (Pass/Fail)     Date: ____________     Owner name: ____________

Reviewing professional(s): ____________     Next scheduled review date: ____________

Performance Check

With the structure registered and the record system built, review the finished work against the Acceptance Standards table and confirm at least two structures were compared with a qualified advisor, the selected structure is compatible with the applicable contractor license, the legal name and taxpayer identification are officially issued, ownership and signing authority are documented and consistent with the registered structure, every required section of the corporate-record book exists with defined access controls, no personal asset or account remains commingled without documented treatment, and at least one attorney or CPA has reviewed the completed setup. Complete the Business Setup Approval Worksheet and correct any failed item before beginning Project 03. If an item fails, identify whether the gap is in structure comparison, registration, ownership documentation, record-system setup, separation of funds, or professional review before revising the setup.

Project Closeout

You have completed the second project in the professional-contractor sequence: selecting a business structure and building the company record system. This project required you to compare available structures with qualified advisors (PC-007), identify registration and taxpayer-identification requirements (PC-008), organize official documents in a controlled record system (PC-009), set up recordkeeping sections for later chapters (PC-010), document ownership and authority (PC-011), and prepare an approved business-setup checklist (PC-012).

You now have one registered business structure, one documented ownership and authority record, one corporate-record book with defined sections, and one approved business-setup checklist. That record system carries directly into the next project: researching the licensing, registration, and local contractor requirements that apply to the specific services and jurisdictions approved in your business model.

Store your registered structure documents and company record system in a secure, controlled location. You will file every license, policy, contract, and financial record produced by the rest of this book inside this same system.